These newly detected malicious Android apps are Camero, FileCrypt, and callCam that are believed to be linked to Sidewinder APT, a sophisticated hacking group specialized in cyber espionage attacks.
According to cybersecurity researchers at Trend Micro, these apps were exploiting a critical use-after-free vulnerability in Android at least since March last year—that's 7 months before the same flaw was first discovered as zero-day when Google researcher analysed a separate attack developed by Israeli surveillance vendor NSO Group.
"We speculate that these apps have been active since March 2019 based on the certificate information on one of the apps," the researchers said.
Tracked as CVE-2019-2215, the vulnerability is a local privilege escalation issue that allows full root compromise of a vulnerable device and could also be exploited remotely when combined with a separate browser rendering flaw.
This Spyware Secretly Root Your Android Phone
According to Trend Micro, FileCrypt Manager and Camero act as droppers and connect to a remote command and control server to download a DEX file, which then downloads the callCam app and tries to install it by exploiting privilege escalation vulnerabilities or abusing accessibility feature.
Once installed, the callCam hides its icon from the menu, collects the following information from the compromised device, and sends it back to the attacker's C&C server in the background:
- Location
- Battery status
- Files on device
- Installed app list
- Device information
- Sensor information
- Camera information
- Screenshot
- Account
- Wifi information
- Data from WeChat, Outlook, Twitter, Yahoo Mail, Facebook, Gmail, and Chrome.
Besides CVE-2019-2215, the malicious apps also try to exploit a separate vulnerability in the MediaTek-SU driver to get root privilege and stay persistent on a wide range of Android handsets.
Based on the overlap in location of the command and control servers, researchers have attributed the campaign to SideWinder, believed to be an Indian espionage group that historically targeted organizations linked to the Pakistani Military.
How to Protect Android Phone from Malware
Google has now removed all the above-mentioned malicious apps from Play Store, but since Google systems are not sufficient to keep bad apps out of the official store, you have to be very careful about downloading apps.
To check if your device is being infected with this malware, go to Android system settings → App Manager, look for listed package names and uninstall it.
To protect your device against most cyber threats, you are recommended to take simple but effective precautions like:
- keep devices and apps up-to-date,
- avoid app downloads from unfamiliar sources,
- always pay close attention to the permissions requested by apps,
- frequently back up data, and
- install a good antivirus app that protects against this malware and similar threats.
To prevent yourself from being targeted by such apps, always beware of fishy apps, even when downloading from Google Play Store, and try to stick to the trusted brands only. In addition, always look at the app reviews left by other users who have downloaded the app, and also verify app permissions before installing any app and grant only those permissions that are relevant for the app's purpose.
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